راهنمای کاربردی ثبت شرکت در ایران برای سرمایهگذاران خارجی: چارچوب، فرصتها، ارقام و مسیرهای ورود.
Company registration in Iran
تحلیل تفصیلی زیر به زبان انگلیسی منتشر شده است.
Registering an Iranian entity is a documentary process, not a discretionary one. With a complete file, name reservation to registration gazette takes three to six weeks.
The structural choice — Private Joint Stock Company, limited liability company, branch or representative office — determines governance, capital rules and the ease of later bringing in a partner or exiting.
The PJSC is the default for investment projects: it supports share transfers, board governance and future capital raises. The LLC is simpler and cheaper but transfers of participation require partner consent, which complicates exits.
A branch has no separate legal personality and is used where the parent contracts directly, typically for engineering and service contracts. A representative office cannot trade and exists only for marketing and liaison.
Name reservation, drafting of the articles of association, notarised and legalised shareholder documents, capital deposit into a blocked bank account, submission to the Companies Registration Office, then publication in the Official Gazette.
Registration is followed by the operational layer most investors underestimate: tax file and taxpayer number, VAT registration, social security employer file, corporate bank account and, where goods move, a trade card and customs code.
Corporate shareholders provide certificate of incorporation, articles, a board resolution authorising the investment, a register of directors and beneficial owners, and a power of attorney for the local agent — each notarised, legalised and translated by a sworn translator.
Individual shareholders provide passport copies, proof of address and source-of-funds evidence. Document legalisation is the longest lead item and should start before name reservation.
Three to six weeks from name reservation to gazette publication with a complete, legalised document set. Legalisation of foreign corporate documents is usually the critical path.
The statutory minimum is nominal, but banks, licensing bodies and FIPPA review expect capital proportionate to the declared business plan.
No. Most sectors permit 100% foreign ownership. Local partners are a commercial choice for market access, not a legal requirement.
No residency requirement applies to directors, but at least one signatory with practical access to the banking system is needed for day-to-day operations.
ما به سرمایهگذاران خارجی در ورود به بازار، اخذ مجوز و ساختاردهی سرمایهگذاری در ایران مشاوره میدهیم.
تماس با ما